Locations affected: Brazil
In 2024, Brazil has seen an 80 percent increase in fires compared to 2023, with severe fires spreading from the Amazon and Pantanal regions to São Paulo. The fires have affected over 4,000 rural properties and multiple municipalities as per latest updates, with São Paulo experiencing a record number of fires.
Data from late August 2024 shows significant rises in fire outbreaks over a year: 120 percent increase in the Amazon with around 38,266 fire hotspots, 3,910 percent in the Pantanal, and 171 percent in the Cerrado.
The factors leading to intensification of wildfires
Most fires are linked to land preparation for farming and grazing. Weak legal frameworks and poor enforcement exacerbate the issue, as existing laws are undermined by loopholes and ineffective penalties.
Extreme weather conditions, including heat, drought, and strong winds, have intensified the fires. 2024 also marks a period of intensified El Niño conditions.
Temperatures across Brazil as of 08 September
The National Forest in Brasília is believed to have been particularly vulnerable due to severe deforestation under former President Jair Bolsonaro’s administration. His policies weakened environmental regulations, promoted agricultural expansion, and supported infrastructure projects in conservation areas, increasing deforestation pressures.
Impact of the wildfires
- The fires have caused widespread environmental and health issues. São Paulo’s air quality has worsened significantly, leading to a 60 percent increase in emergency medical visits.
- Smoke from the fires has created a corridor affecting air quality across Brazil, including major cities such as Campo Grande, Cuiabá, and Rio de Janeiro. São Paulo saw its worst August for heat spots since 1998.
- Extensive land and wetland destruction includes the Pantanal, which faces severe degradation risks if drought conditions persist.
- As of 04 September, 20 percent of Brasília’s National Forest had been destroyed, impacting 70 percent of the city’s freshwater supply.
- Over 1,000 municipalities are on alert due to extreme humidity in the country.
- Indigenous populations and local residents in Pará, Amazonas, and Mato Grosso face severe conditions, including reduced access to essential resources due to low river levels.
- Habitat destruction has resulted in the rescue of hundreds of animals, including jaguars and giant anteaters, suffering severe burns.
Wildfires recorded in Brazil in last week of August
Potential implications and recommendations for business operations
The wildfire situation is expected to persist as drought conditions continue and fire risks remain high. Brazil has declared a state of emergency and mobilized resources through the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), but an immediate resolution is unlikely. Infrastructure damage and potential traffic restrictions are anticipated. Curfews or evacuation orders may be issued if fires spread further. The smoke and high carbon dioxide levels could increase health risks, including respiratory and cardiovascular issues. Infrastructure damage may lead to travel disruptions and utility outages. The government may also face pressure to strengthen environmental protections.
Organizations and businesses should stay updated with advisories from state officials and the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change to manage operational risks.
