Locations Affected: India
Over the past few weeks, the air quality in Delhi and surrounding areas has significantly deteriorated, with pollution levels reaching up to 30-35 times the safe limit recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). The Air Quality Index (AQI) in the capital has been categorized as “very poor” (301-400) since 30 October. Certain areas in Delhi, such as Wazirpur, Jahangirpuri, and Anand Vihar, have recorded AQIs of 421, 419, and 403, respectively. Other areas, including Ashok Vihar, Burari, and Pusa, have recorded AQIs near 400.
Reason for the Decrease in Air Quality
Air quality near the capital begins to deteriorate as the weather shifts from monsoon to winter. This is due to several factors, including a drop in temperatures, smoke, low wind speed, high humidity, vehicle emissions, waste from power plants and factories, and stubble burning in neighbouring states like Punjab and Haryana. Experts also attribute the rising pollution in India to rapid industrialization and weak enforcement of environmental laws.
Source: https://cpcb.nic.in/
Disruptions Caused and Measures Imposed
- Delhi, Noida, Ghaziabad, and other parts of the National Capital Region (NCR) witnessed a dense layer of smog on 13 November, leading to reduced visibility.
- Low visibility has caused flight disruptions, with ten flights diverted from Delhi Airport since 0700 hours on 13 November. Zero visibility was recorded at Indira Gandhi International Airport at 0830 hours.
- The government has imposed the second stage of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) to combat pollution. Measures include mechanical sweeping and water sprinkling on roads, dust control at construction and demolition sites, a ban on the use of coal and firewood, and restrictions on diesel generators.
- Additionally, the “Odd-Even” vehicle scheme has been reintroduced to reduce vehicular emissions.
- Authorities have urged residents to stay indoors as much as possible and use public transport to reduce excess vehicular emissions.
Impact of the Deteriorating Air Quality
Air pollution in Delhi is expected to persist due to stagnant weather conditions. The air quality may deteriorate further in the coming days. The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) stated that the main pollutants include dust, pollen, mold, vehicle exhaust, and industrial emissions, which can cause respiratory problems by penetrating deep into the lungs. Long-term exposure to high
