Cases of bird flu, also known as avian influenza (H5N1) has reported a recent surge in 2024, especially in Maharashtra’s Nagpur and Andhra Pradesh’s Nellore district, villages of Chatagutla in Podalakur and Gummaladibba in Kovur district. The viral infection primarily affects birds but can also spread to infect humans and other animals as well. Given the surge in number of cases, authorities in the affected regions as well as adjoining areas are maintaining heightened vigilance. Although no cases of human infection have been reported so far in India in 2024, it is essential for businesses to remain aware of the risks associated with the infection.

Facts known so far:

Total number of reported cases in humans (globally since 2003):

868 cases, 457 deaths

Incubation period in humans:

Two-five days, can extend upto 17 days.

Mode of transmission:

• Direct contact with infected animals through handling, culling, slaughtering, processing.
• Indirect contact through environments contaminated with bodily fluids from infected animals.
• Though rare, but there is possibility of human-to-human transmission.

Available treatment for humans:

Antiviral medications like baloxavir, oseltamivir, or zanamivir.

High risk group:

Elders above 65 years, pregnant women, children below five years, people with existing health conditions, immune-compromised or those with comorbidities.

Symptoms:

In Case of Severity:

Bird Flu Hotspots Reported in Recent Years:

Recommendations:

For Organisations:

• Corporate offices/campuses where mess/canteen services are functional are advised to adopt best cooking practices and maintain caution while procuring poultry and/or allied products, in order to avoid any incidents of transmission.
• If operating near affected regions, advised to undertake contingency measures including remote work arrangements and strict sanitary protocols.
• Ensure good hygiene protocols in the office premises, especially in common areas.
• Regularly sanitize frequently touched surfaces like tables, keyboards, doors, lifts, etc.
• Ensure proper disposal of biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes.

For Individuals:

• Maintain proper hand hygiene and cover mouth before sneezing or coughing.
• Maintain personal hygiene and cleanliness of your surroundings.
• Use mask and gloves when dealing with poultry products.
• Do not visit any poultry farms, bird markets and places where they are kept, raised and sold. In case visiting market, wear face masks and do not touch eyes or nose.
• Avoid consumption of half-boiled eggs and undercooked chicken. Cook at 100 Degrees Celsius.
• Avoid storing raw meat in refrigerators.

Important Source Links:

• For regular updates from Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying – https://www.facebook.com/DeptofAHD
• For archives on Bird Flu in India – https://dahd.nic.in/about-us/divisions/livestock-health/bird-flu-archived/bird-flu
• National Health Emergency Number – 104