Locations Affected: United States
Since assuming office on 20 January, United States President Donald Trump has issued several immigration-related executive orders and declared a national emergency at the US-Mexico border. These measures are part of the Trump administration’s efforts to address the issue of illegal immigration in the country. The actions overhaul major aspects of the US immigration system, including the processing of immigrants and deportations, increased scrutiny of visa applicants, changes to birthright citizenship, and reforms to asylum and refugee programs.
Potential Impact of the Executive Orders
· Visa Applications: One of the orders directs the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the Department of State to increase checks for visa applicants and those already in the country. Visa applicants are likely to face additional administrative processing and scrutiny. The order could also lead to an increased backlog of visa appointments and delays in visa issuances.
- Birthright Citizenship: Trump has moved to eliminate birthright citizenship, which automatically grants US citizenship to individuals born in the country. The changes would mean any children born on or after 19 February 2025 would acquire citizenship only if at least one parent is a legal permanent resident (green card holder) or a US citizen. This controversial order has been challenged by 24 states, two cities, and multiple civil rights organizations. On 23 January, the US District Court for the Western District of Washington issued a temporary restraining order blocking the implementation of this executive order for 14 days.
- National Emergency at the Southern Border: The declaration of a national emergency at the US-Mexico border aims to combat unauthorized entry into the US from the southern border through additional armed forces, physical barriers, unmanned aerial systems, and policy revisions. The order is expected to increase delays at ports of entry and pose challenges for asylum seekers.
- Illegal Immigration: Trump’s executive order revokes immigration policies issued by former President Joe Biden. The new order mandates the identification and deportation of illegal migrants. It also grants expanded authority to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to arrest and detain undocumented individuals.
- Trade Relations: The Trump administration seeks to review trade agreements perceived to disadvantage US businesses. This could lead to renegotiations or the withdrawal of agreements with various countries. One key agreement under review is the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). The order may result in increased tariffs on goods from Canada and Mexico.
Outlook of the Situation and Recommendations
The immigration-related executive orders issued by President Trump are expected to have significant impacts on potential visa applicants as well as current visa holders. Visa applicants should ensure thorough documentation and prepare for increased scrutiny. The effectiveness of the orders in addressing illegal immigration remains uncertain but is likely to increase risks for asylum seekers. The orders have also faced opposition from various immigration advocacy groups, which could organize demonstrations in response. Organizations are advised to stay informed about changes to policies, agreements, and regulations and prepare necessary contingency plans.
